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September 22, 2021

The Rise of Supply Chain Attacks Explained

Learn about the rise of supply chain attacks and how to protect your organization in this modern era of wide-scale cybersecurity threats.
Inside the SOC
Darktrace cyber analysts are world-class experts in threat intelligence, threat hunting and incident response, and provide 24/7 SOC support to thousands of Darktrace customers around the globe. Inside the SOC is exclusively authored by these experts, providing analysis of cyber incidents and threat trends, based on real-world experience in the field.
Written by
Justin Fier
SVP, Red Team Operations
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22
Sep 2021

Back in December, we predicted that supply chain attacks would overtake CEO fraud as a top cyber security concern. This year, the importance of supply chains has been brought to the forefront by a series of disruptions hitting the headlines.

From blockages in the Suez Canal to microchip shortages affecting automotive production, from fighting for toilet paper rolls to Australian gas prices spiking because Colonial Pipeline stopped operations, 2021 showed us that our major supply chains are not only vulnerable but critical to our daily lives.

Countries and organizations have been shocked by their dependency on global systems and third-party vendors. And whether it’s meat, oil, or software, threat actors have increasingly targeted security vulnerabilities to bring production lines to a standstill. The world has been taken aback by the recent string of supply chain cyber-attacks – including the SolarWinds hack revealed in December 2020 and the Kaseya attack that occurred over the Fourth of July weekend.

Amateurs talk strategy, professionals talk logistics

Nothing about this should come as a surprise. The supply system has been a target for as long as warfare has existed. Logistics – the practice of having your bullets and bread in the right place at the right time – is one of the core pillars of war. The term was coined by Antoine-Henri Jomini, a general under Napoleon, who in ‘The Art of War’ argues that although strategy and tactics comprise the conduct of warfare, logistics is the means. Without logistics in place, defeat is inevitable.

At the time Jomini was writing, the size of Napoleon’s campaigns required a new approach. Napoleon had amassed the largest army Europe had ever seen and secured swift victories across the continent through effective logistics management, including ‘Living off the Land’ techniques, agreements with allies, military train regiments, and even turning a whole city into a supply center during the Ulm Campaign.

And yet logistics ultimately led to Napoleon’s downfall. In 1812, as the Russian troops retreated, burning everything in their wake, Napoleon’s Grande Armée ran out of supplies and were forced to eat their horses – and eventually each other. Only 2% of the army survived.

“The masterpiece of a successful general is to starve his enemy.” – Frederick the Great

Fast-forward to the twentieth century and attacking the supply system had become a central part of offensive campaigns. Cutting off supplies during the Blockade of Germany played a decisive role in the Allied victory. Since then – from the tonnage wars to strafing to flying in provisions during the Berlin Airlift – logistics have proven influential in determining a conflict’s outcome.

Brave old world

The disruption of supply chains this year is nothing new – it is simply a continuation of age-old military strategy. In World War I, ships were a subversive force and were used in naval blockades to cut off supply lines. In World War II, aircraft allowed the attacker to strike behind enemy lines and destroy supply vehicles and railway infrastructure. Now, cyber is being leveraged in the same way: to undermine physical borders and bring a supply system to its knees.

There are cyber-attacks which disrupt the supply chain, and there are those which leverage the supply chain to spread. The latter are particularly dangerous because they exploit our human tendency for trust. If an email comes from a trusted source or an application is managed by a trusted supplier, we tend to let our guards down. So rather than trying to breach large companies directly, threat actors can get in through a side door, using one undefended individual to compromise an organization and then an entire system.

These two types are not mutually exclusive. NotPetya infected its victims through a Ukrainian tax software program, which eventually led to Maersk, the largest container shipping company in the world, halting operations for nearly two weeks.

Hitting the consumer where it hurts

This tactic has been waged by nation states for espionage, as we saw with SolarWinds and the Hafnium campaigns, and by organized crime to hold large numbers of businesses to ransom. We’ve heard of double extortion ransomware, but the emergence of triple extortion – where ransomware actors threaten not only the victim but any related third parties or customers, demanding a ransom to keep the data private – signals a new avenue of profitability for cyber-criminals.

We shouldn’t be surprised that the supply chain has fallen simultaneously into the firing line of cyber-crime and cyber-war. In the words of Henry E. Eccles, a rear admiral in the US Navy, logistics is the economic element of the military, but equally it is the military element of the economy. Logistics bridges the gap between economics and warfare: the supply chain is pivotal for both.

Underestimating your supply chain risk therefore can have serious consequences for your business, just as for a battle. How your suppliers work, the defenses they have in place, and what happens if they get compromised, are all important questions to ensure the success of your company. And a cyber security posture which can detect third-party breaches, a tonal language shift in an email or a binary from a trusted source acting anomalously, is an essential layer of any defensive solution.

This blog post has previously appeared on Tecnogazzetta, packagingrevolution.net and LineaEDP.

Inside the SOC
Darktrace cyber analysts are world-class experts in threat intelligence, threat hunting and incident response, and provide 24/7 SOC support to thousands of Darktrace customers around the globe. Inside the SOC is exclusively authored by these experts, providing analysis of cyber incidents and threat trends, based on real-world experience in the field.
Written by
Justin Fier
SVP, Red Team Operations

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September 25, 2025

Announcing Unified Real-Time CDR and Automated Investigations to Transform Cloud Security Operations

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Fragmented Tools are Failing SOC Teams in the Cloud Era

The cloud has transformed how businesses operate, reshaping everything from infrastructure to application delivery. But cloud security has not kept pace. Most tools still rely on traditional models of logging, policy enforcement, and posture management; approaches that provide surface-level visibility but lack the depth to detect or investigate active attacks.

Meanwhile, attackers are exploiting vulnerabilities, delivering cloud-native exploits, and moving laterally in ways that posture management alone cannot catch fast enough. Critical evidence is often missed, and alerts lack the forensic depth SOC analysts need to separate noise from true risk. As a result, organizations remain exposed: research shows that nearly nine in ten organizations have suffered a critical cloud breach despite investing in existing security tools [1].

SOC teams are left buried in alerts without actionable context, while ephemeral workloads like containers and serverless functions vanish before evidence can be preserved. Point tools for logging or forensics only add complexity, with 82% of organizations using multiple platforms to investigate cloud incidents [2].

The result is a broken security model: posture tools surface risks but don’t connect them to active attacker behaviors, while investigation tools are too slow and fragmented to provide timely clarity. Security teams are left reactive, juggling multiple point solutions and still missing critical signals. What’s needed is a unified approach that combines real-time detection and response for active threats with automated investigation and cloud posture management in a single workflow.

Just as security teams once had to evolve beyond basic firewalls and antivirus into network and endpoint detection, response, and forensics, cloud security now requires its own next era: one that unifies detection, response, and investigation at the speed and scale of the cloud.

A Powerful Combination: Real-Time CDR + Automated Cloud Forensics

Darktrace / CLOUD now uniquely unites detection, investigation, and response into one workflow, powered by Self-Learning AI. This means every alert, from any tool in your stack, can instantly become actionable evidence and a complete investigation in minutes.

With this release, Darktrace / CLOUD delivers a more holistic approach to cloud defense, uniting real-time detection, response, and investigation with proactive risk reduction. The result is a single solution that helps security teams stay ahead of attackers while reducing complexity and blind spots.

  • Automated Cloud Forensic Investigations: Instantly capture and analyze volatile evidence from cloud assets, reducing investigation times from days to minutes and eliminating blind spots
  • Enhanced Cloud-Native Threat Detection: Detect advanced attacker behaviors such as lateral movement, privilege escalation, and command-and-control in real time
  • Enhanced Live Cloud Topology Mapping: Gain continuous insight into cloud environments, including ephemeral workloads, with live topology views that simplify investigations and expose anomalous activity
  • Agentless Scanning for Proactive Risk Reduction: Continuously monitor for misconfigurations, vulnerabilities, and risky exposures to reduce attack surface and stop threats before they escalate.

Automated Cloud Forensic Investigations

Darktrace / CLOUD now includes capabilities introduced with Darktrace / Forensic Acquisition & Investigation, triggering automated forensic acquisition the moment a threat is detected. This ensures ephemeral evidence, from disks and memory to containers and serverless workloads can be preserved instantly and analyzed in minutes, not days. The integration unites detection, response, and forensic investigation in a way that eliminates blind spots and reduces manual effort.

Figure 1: Easily view Forensic Investigation of a cloud resource within the Darktrace / CLOUD architecture map

Enhanced Cloud-Native Threat Detection

Darktrace / CLOUD strengthens its real-time behavioral detection to expose early attacker behaviors that logs alone cannot reveal. Enhanced cloud-native detection capabilities include:

• Reconnaissance & Discovery – Detects enumeration and probing activity post-compromise.

• Privilege Escalation via Role Assumption – Identifies suspicious attempts to gain elevated access.

• Malicious Compute Resource Usage – Flags threats such as crypto mining or spam operations.

These enhancements ensure active attacks are detected earlier, before adversaries can escalate or move laterally through cloud environments.

Figure 2: Cyber AI Analyst summary of anomalous behavior for privilege escalation and establishing persistence.

Enhanced Live Cloud Topology Mapping

New enhancements to live topology provide real-time mapping of cloud environments, attacker movement, and anomalous behavior. This dynamic visibility helps SOC teams quickly understand complex environments, trace attack paths, and prioritize response. By integrating with Darktrace / Proactive Exposure Management (PEM), these insights extend beyond the cloud, offering a unified view of risks across networks, endpoints, SaaS, and identity — giving teams the context needed to act with confidence.

Figure 3: Enhanced live topology maps unify visibility across architectures, identities, network connections and more.

Agentless Scanning for Proactive Risk Reduction

Darktrace / CLOUD now introduces agentless scanning to uncover malware and vulnerabilities in cloud assets without impacting performance. This lightweight, non-disruptive approach provides deep visibility into cloud workloads and surfaces risks before attackers can exploit them. By continuously monitoring for misconfigurations and exposures, the solution strengthens posture management and reduces attack surface across hybrid and multi-cloud environments.

Figure 4: Agentless scanning of cloud assets reveals vulnerabilities, which are prioritized by severity.

Together, these capabilities move cloud security operations from reactive to proactive, empowering security teams to detect novel threats in real time, reduce exposures before they are exploited, and accelerate investigations with forensic depth. The result is faster triage, shorter MTTR, and reduced business risk — all delivered in a single, AI-native solution built for hybrid and multi-cloud environments.

Accelerating the Evolution of Cloud Security

Cloud security has long been fragmented, forcing teams to stitch together posture tools, log-based monitoring, and external forensics to get even partial coverage. With this release, Darktrace / CLOUD delivers a holistic, unified approach that covers every stage of the cloud lifecycle, from proactive posture management and risk identification to real-time detection, to automated investigation and response.

By bringing these capabilities together in a single AI-native solution, Darktrace is advancing cloud security beyond incremental change and setting a new standard for how organizations protect their hybrid and multi-cloud environments.

With Darktrace / CLOUD, security teams finally gain end-to-end visibility, response, and investigation at the speed of the cloud, transforming cloud defense from fragmented and reactive to unified and proactive.

[related-resource]

Sources: [1], [2] Darktrace Report: Organizations Require a New Approach to Handle Investigations in the Cloud

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About the author
Adam Stevens
Senior Director of Product, Cloud | Darktrace

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September 25, 2025

Introducing the Industry’s First Truly Automated Cloud Forensics Solution

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Why Cloud Investigations Fail Today

Cloud investigations have become one of the hardest problems in modern cybersecurity. Traditional DFIR tools were built for static, on-prem environments, rather than dynamic and highly scalable cloud environments, containing ephemeral workloads that disappear in minutes. SOC analysts are flooded with cloud security alerts with one-third lacking actionable data to confirm or dismiss a threat[1], while DFIR teams waste 3-5 days requesting access and performing manual collection, or relying on external responders.

These delays leave organizations vulnerable. Research shows that nearly 90% of organizations suffer some level of damage before they can fully investigate and contain a cloud incident [2]. The result is a broken model: alerts are closed without a complete understanding of the threat due to a lack of visibility and control, investigations drag on, and attackers retain the upper hand.

For SOC teams, the challenge is scale and clarity. Analysts are inundated with alerts but lack the forensic depth to quickly distinguish real threats from noise. Manual triage wastes valuable time, creates alert fatigue, and often forces teams to escalate or dismiss incidents without confidence — leaving adversaries with room to maneuver.

For DFIR teams, the challenge is depth and speed. Traditional forensics tools were built for static, on-premises environments and cannot keep pace with ephemeral workloads that vanish in minutes. Investigators are left chasing snapshots, requesting access from cloud teams, or depending on external responders, leading to blind spots and delayed response.

That’s why we built Darktrace / Forensic Acquisition & Investigation, the first automated forensic solution designed specifically for the speed, scale, and complexities of the cloud. It addresses both sets of challenges by combining automated forensic evidence capture, attacker timeline reconstruction, and cross-cloud scale. The solution empowers SOC analysts with instant clarity and DFIR teams with forensic depth, all in minutes, not days. By leveraging the very nature of the cloud, Darktrace makes these advanced capabilities accessible to security teams of all sizes, regardless of expertise or resources.

Introducing Automated Forensics at the Speed and Scale of Cloud

Darktrace / Forensic Acquisition & Investigation transforms cloud investigations by capturing, processing, and analyzing forensic evidence of cloud workloads, instantly, even from time-restricted ephemeral resources. Triggered by a detection from any cloud security tool, the entire process is automated, providing accurate root cause analysis and deep insights into attacker behavior in minutes rather than days or weeks. SOC and DFIR teams no longer have to rely on manual processes, snapshots, or external responders, they can now leverage the scale and elasticity of the cloud to accelerate triage and investigations.

Seamless Integration with Existing Detection Tools

Darktrace / Forensic Acquisition & Investigation does not require customers to replace their detection stack. Instead, it integrates with cloud-native providers, XDR platforms, and SIEM/SOAR tools, automatically initiating forensic capture whenever an alert is raised. This means teams can continue leveraging their existing investments while gaining the forensic depth required to validate alerts, confirm root cause, and accelerate response.

Most importantly, the solution is natively integrated with Darktrace / CLOUD, turning real-time detections of novel attacker behaviors into full forensic investigations instantly. When Darktrace / CLOUD identifies suspicious activity such as lateral movement, privilege escalation, or abnormal usage of compute resources, Darktrace / Forensic Acquisition & Investigation automatically preserves the underlying forensic evidence before it disappears. This seamless workflow unites detection, response, and investigation in a way that eliminates gaps, accelerates triage, and gives teams confidence that every critical cloud alert can be investigated to completion.

Figure 1: Integration with Darktrace / CLOUD – this example is showing the ability to pivot into the forensic investigation associated with a compromised cloud asset

Automated Evidence Collection Across Hybrid and Multi-Cloud

The solution provides automated forensic acquisition across AWS, Microsoft Azure, GCP, and on-prem environments. It supports both full volume capture, creating a bit-by-bit copy of an entire storage device for the most comprehensive preservation of evidence, and triage collection, which prioritizes speed by gathering only the most essential forensic artifacts such as process data, logs, network connections, and open file contents. This flexibility allows teams to strike the right balance between speed and depth depending on the investigation at hand.

Figure 2: Ability to acquire forensic data from Cloud, SaaS and on-prem environments

Automated Investigations, Root Cause Analysis and Attacker Timelines

Once evidence is collected, Darktrace applies automation to reconstruct attacker activity into a unified timeline. This includes correlating commands, files, lateral movement, and network activity into a single investigative view enriched with custom threat intelligence such as IOCs. Detailed investigation reporting including an investigation summary, an overview of the attacker timeline, and key events. Analysts can pivot into detailed views such as the filesystem view, traversing directories or inspecting file content, or filter and search using faceted options to quickly narrow the scope of an investigation.

Figure 3: Automated Investigation view surfacing the most significant attacker activity, which is contextualized with Alarm information

Forensics for Containers and Ephemeral Assets

Investigating containers and serverless workloads has historically been one of the hardest challenges for DFIR teams, as these assets often disappear before evidence can be preserved. Darktrace / Forensic Acquisition & Investigation captures forensic evidence across managed Kubernetes cloud services, even from distroless or no-shell containers, AWS ECS and other environments, ensuring that ephemeral activity is no longer a blind spot. For hybrid organizations, this extends to on-premises Kubernetes and OpenShift deployments, bringing consistency across environments.

Figure 4: Container investigations – this example is showing the ability to capture containers from managed Kubernetes cloud services

SaaS Log Collection for Modern Investigations

Beyond infrastructure-level data, the solution collects logs from SaaS providers such as Microsoft 365, Entra ID, and Google Workspace. This enables investigations into common attack types like business email compromise (BEC), account takeover (ATO), and insider threats — giving teams visibility into both infrastructure-level and SaaS-driven compromise from a single platform.

Figure 5: Ability to import logs from SaaS providers including Microsoft 365, Entra ID, and Google Workspace

Proactive Vulnerability and Malware Discovery

Finally, the solution surfaces risk proactively with vulnerability and malware discovery for Linux-based cloud resources. Vulnerabilities are presented in a searchable table and correlated with the attacker timeline, enabling teams to quickly understand not just which packages are exposed, but whether they have been targeted or exploited in the context of an incident.

Figure 6: Vulnerability data with pivot points into the attacker timeline

Cloud-Native Scale and Performance

Darktrace / Forensic Acquisition & Investigation uses a cloud-native parallel processing architecture that spins up compute resources on demand, ensuring that investigations run at scale without bottlenecks. Detailed reporting and summaries are automatically generated, giving teams a clear record of the investigation process and supporting compliance, litigation readiness, and executive reporting needs.

Scalable and Flexible Deployment Options

Every organization has different requirements for speed, control, and integration. Darktrace / Forensic Acquisition & Investigation is designed to meet those needs with two flexible deployment models.

  • Self-Hosted Virtual Appliance delivers deep integration and control across hybrid environments, preserving forensic data for compliance and litigation while scaling to the largest enterprise investigations.
  • SaaS-Delivered Deployment provides fast time-to-value out of the box, enabling automated forensic response without requiring deep cloud expertise or heavy setup.

Both models are built to scale across regions and accounts, ensuring organizations of any size can achieve rapid value and adapt the solution to their unique operational and compliance needs. This flexibility makes advanced cloud forensics accessible to every security team — whether they are optimizing for speed, integration depth, or regulatory alignment

Delivering Advanced Cloud Forensics for Every Team

Until now, forensic investigations were slow, manual, and reserved for only the largest organizations with specialized DFIR expertise. Darktrace / Forensic Acquisition & Investigation changes that by leveraging the scale and elasticity of the cloud itself to automate the entire investigation process. From capturing full disk and memory at detection to reconstructing attacker timelines in minutes, the solution turns fragmented workflows into streamlined investigations available to every team.

Whether deployed as a SaaS-delivered service for fast time-to-value or as a self-hosted appliance for deep integration, Darktrace / Forensic Acquisition & Investigation provides the features that matter most: automated evidence capture, cross-cloud investigations, forensic depth for ephemeral assets, and root cause clarity without manual effort.

With Darktrace / Forensic Acquisition & Investigation, what once took days now takes minutes. Now, forensic investigations in the cloud are faster, more scalable, and finally accessible to every security team, no matter their size or expertise.

[related-resource]

Sources: [1], [2] Darktrace Report: Organizations Require a New Approach to Handle Investigations in the Cloud

Additional Resources

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About the author
Paul Bottomley
Director of Product Management | Darktrace
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